I-1.Isetshenziselwa ukwenza izicishamlilo ezibomvu, amabhomu ama-Signal, amashubhu amabi, ama-reagents ahlaziya, ingilazi ye-crystal crystal substrate, amasistimu wokucima umlilo we-aerosol nezinye izici zomlilo.
I-2.Isetshenziswa njengezinto zokwakha ze-cathode zamashubhu we-vacuum embonini ye-elekthronikhi, izimoto zezimoto kanye nemibala ephezulu.