Isabela kanjani i-rhodium?

I-Metallic rhodiumisabela ngokuqondile negesi ye-fluorine yakhe i-rhodium(VI) fluoride egqwala kakhulu, i-RhF6. Le nto, ngokunakekela, ingashiswa yenze i-rhodium(V) fluoride, enokwakheka kwe-tetrameric ebomvu okumnyama [RhF5]4.

 

I-Rhodium iyinsimbi engavamile futhi eyigugu kakhulu eyingxenye ye-platinum. Yaziwa ngezici zayo ezingavamile, njengokumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu kanye ne-oxidation, ukuqhutshwa kwe-thermal okuhle kakhulu nogesi, kanye nobuthi obuphansi. Iphinde ikhanye kakhulu futhi inokubukeka okumangalisayo kwesiliva-mhlophe, okuyenza ibe yinto edumile kubucwebe nezinto zokuhlobisa.

 

I-Rhodium ayisabeli nezinto eziningi ezingeni lokushisa legumbi, okuyenza imelane kakhulu nokugqwala. Kodwa-ke, njengazo zonke izinsimbi, i-rhodium isengakwazi ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. Lapha, sizoxoxa ngokunye kokusabela okuvamile okungenzeka i-rhodium ibhekane nakho.

 

1. I-Rhodium ne-Oxygen:

I-Rhodium ihlangana nomoya-mpilo emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, yakhe i-rhodium (III) oxide (Rh2O3). Lokhu kusabela kwenzeka lapho i-rhodium ishiselwa ngaphezu kuka-400 °C emoyeni. I-Rhodium (III) oxide iyimpushana empunga emnyama engancibiliki emanzini kanye nama-acid amaningi.

 

2. I-Rhodium ne-Hydrogen:

I-Rhodium iphinde ihlangane negesi ye-hydrogen emazingeni okushisa afika ku-600 °C, yakhe i-rhodium hydride (RhH). I-Rhodium hydride iyimpushana emnyama encibilika kancane emanzini. Ukusabela phakathi kwegesi ye-rhodium ne-hydrogen kuyabuyiseleka emuva, futhi impushana ingabola ibuyele ku-rhodium negesi ye-hydrogen.

 

3. I-Rhodium nama-Halogens:

I-Rhodium ihlangana nama-halogens (i-fluorine, i-chlorine, i-bromine, ne-iodine) yakhe i-rhodium halides. Ukusebenza kabusha kwe-rhodium nama-halogens kukhuphuka kusuka ku-fluorine kuya ku-iodine. I-Rhodium halides ivamise ukuba yizinto eziqinile eziphuzi noma eziwolintshi ezincibilika emanzini. Ngoba

isibonelo: i-Rhodium fluoride,I-Rhodium(III) ChlorideI-Rhodium bromine,Iodine ye-Rhodium.

 

4. I-Rhodium nesulfure:

I-Rhodium ingasabela nesulfure emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ukuze yakhe i-rhodium sulfide (Rh2S3). I-Rhodium sulfide iyimpuphu emnyama engancibiliki emanzini kanye nama-acid amaningi. Isetshenziswa emisebenzini ehlukahlukene yezimboni njengama-alloys ensimbi, okothambisa, nama-semiconductors.

 

5. I-Rhodium ne-Acids:

I-Rhodium imelana nama-asidi amaningi; kodwa-ke, ingancibilika ngengxube ye-hydrochloric ne-nitric acid (i-aqua regia). I-Aqua regia iyikhambi eligqwala kakhulu elingancibilikisa igolide, iplatinum, nezinye izinsimbi eziyigugu. I-Rhodium ivamise ukuncibilika ku-aqua regia ukuze yakhe izinkimbinkimbi ze-chloro-rhodium.

 

Sengiphetha, i-Rhodium iyinsimbi engazweli kakhulu enokuphinda isebenze okulinganiselwe kwezinye izinto. Kuyinto ebalulekile esetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ubucwebe, izinto zikagesi, neziguquli ze-catalytic zezimoto. Naphezu kwemvelo yayo engasasebenzi, i-rhodium ingabhekana nokusabela kwamakhemikhali okuthile okufana ne-oxidation, i-halogenation, kanye nokuqedwa kwe-asidi. Sekukonke, le nsimbi eyingqayizivele yezakhiwo namakhemikhali iyenza ibe into efiseleka kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezihlukene zezimboni nezohwebo.