1. Ukugcina isikhathi eside emoyeni kulula ukwenza i-oxidize futhi umbala uba mnyama, nge-sublimation. Inephunga elingavamile elingavamile futhi liyacasula esikhumbeni. Iyasha uma kuba nelangabi elivulekile nokushisa okuphezulu.
2. Ubuthi, ikakhulukazi imikhiqizo ecwengiwe ngokungaphelele exutshwe ne-diphenylamine, izoba yingozi uma imunywa noma ihogelwa. Lo mkhiqizo ungamuncwa esikhumbeni, ubangele ukungezwani kwesikhumba, i-dermatitis, ukuguquguquka kwezinwele nezinzipho, ukuvuvukala kwe-conjunctiva ne-cornea, ukucasuka kwesisu namathumbu, ukulimala kwezinso nesibindi, futhi kubangele i-hemolytic anemia, ubuhlungu besisu, kanye ne-tachycardia. Abaqhubi kufanele bagqoke izinto zokuzivikela. Labo abayithatha ngephutha kufanele bagezwe isisu ngokushesha ukuze baxilongwe futhi belashwe.
