I-Graphene yi-parbol ye-carbon ye-hanomali ye-hanomating ene-hexagonial inyosi equlunqwe ngeatom yekharbon kunye nee-spl hybrid.
I-Graphene ineepropathi ezibalaseleyo, zombane, kunye noomatshini, kwaye zinamachaphaza afanelekileyo kwizixhobo zenzululwazi, i-Micro-Nano ye-Micro-Nano, kunye nokuhanjiswa kwe-biodicine kunye nokuhanjiswa kweziyobisi. Ithathelwa ingqalelo into eguqukayo kwixesha elizayo.
Iindlela zokuveliswa kwemigudi yesiqhelo ye-raphene yendlela yokuhlonela oomatshini, indlela yeResox, indlela yokukhula kwe-SECE ye-SEPE yefilimu, kunye nendlela yokuvelisa ifilimu yi-Vapor Vapor Vapor (CVD).