1. Nekubudirira zvishoma nezvishoma kwekugadzirwa kwakawanda uye matambudziko ehukuru-hukuru, kumhanya kweindasitiri yekushandiswa kwegraphene kuri kukurumidza. Zvichienderana nemhedzisiro yekutsvagisa iripo, yekutanga kushambadzira application inogona kunge iri nharembozha, aerospace, uye simba idzva. Nzvimbo yebhatiri. Tsvagiridzo yekutanga Graphene ine kukosha kwakakosha patsvakiridzo yekutanga mufizikisi. Iyo inogonesa mamwe quantum mhedzisiro iyo inogona chete kuratidzwa theoretically isati yagona kusimbiswa kuburikidza nekuyedza.
2. Mune maviri-dimensional graphene, huwandu hwemaerekitironi hunoita sehusipo. Ichi chivakwa chinoita kuti graphene ive isingawanzo kudzoreredzwa nyaya inogona kushandiswa kudzidza relativistic quantum mechanics-nekuti zvidimbu zvisingaite zvinofanirwa kufamba nekumhanya kwechiedza Naizvozvo, zvinofanirwa kutsanangurwa nerelativistic quantum mechanics, iyo inopa theoretical fizikisi negwaro idzva rekutsvagisa: mamwe kuyedza kwaimboda kuitwa muhofori particle accelerators inogona kuitwa negraphene mumarabhoritari madiki. Zero simba gap semiconductors inonyanya kuve imwe-layer graphene, uye iyi yemagetsi chimiro ichakanganisa zvakanyanya basa remamorekuru egasi pamusoro payo. Kuenzaniswa neakawanda graphite, basa reimwe-layer graphene kuti riwedzere basa rekuita repamusoro rinoratidzwa nemhedzisiro yegraphene hydrogenation uye oxidation maitiro, zvichiratidza kuti iyo yemagetsi chimiro chegraphene inogona kuenzanisa chiitiko chepamusoro.
3. Mukuwedzera, chimiro chemagetsi che graphene chinogona kuchinjwa zvakafanana nekuiswa kwegasi molecule adsorption, iyo isingashanduri chete kusanganiswa kwevatakuri, asiwo inogona kuderedzwa nemagraphene akasiyana. Iyo sensor graphene inogona kugadzirwa kuita kemikari sensor. Iyi nzira inonyanya kupedzwa nepamusoro adsorption kuita kwegraphene. Zvinoenderana nekutsvagisa kwedzimwe nyanzvi, kunzwisiswa kwegraphene kemikari inocherekedza inogona kuenzaniswa nemuganho wekuonekwa kwemorekuru rimwe chete. Graphene's yakasarudzika-maviri-dimensional chimiro inoita kuti inyatso tarisa kune yakatenderedza nharaunda. Graphene chinhu chakanakira electrochemical biosensors. Masensa akagadzirwa negraphene ane yakanaka senitivity yekuona dopamine uye glucose mumishonga. Transistor graphene inogona kushandiswa kugadzira transistors. Nekuda kwekugadzikana kwakanyanya kweiyo graphene chimiro, iyi mhando ye transistor inogona kuramba ichishanda zvakatsiga pachiyero cheatomu imwe.
4. Kusiyana neizvi, ikozvino silicon-based transistors icharasikirwa nekugadzikana kwayo pachiyero che 10 nanometers; the Ultra-fast reaction speed yemaerekitironi mugraphene kusvika kumunda wekunze kunoita kuti transistors yakaitwa nayo inogona kusvika Very high operating frequency. Semuyenzaniso, IBM yakazivisa muna Kukadzi 2010 kuti yaizowedzera mashandiro egraphene transistors kusvika ku100 GHz, inodarika iyo yesilicon transistors yehukuru hwakafanana. Flexible display Iyo inobhenda sikirini yakakwezva kutarisisa kwakawanda paConsumer Electronics Show, uye yave maitiro ekugadzirwa kweanochinjika ekuratidzira masikirini enharembozha kuratidza mune ramangwana.
5. Musika wenguva yemberi wekuratidzira unochinjika wakafara, uye tarisiro yegraphene sechinhu chakakosha zvakare inovimbisa. Vatsvagiri vekuSouth Korea vakagadzira kekutanga chiratidziro chakajeka chinoumbwa neakawanda akaturikidzana egraphene uye girazi fiber polyester sheet substrate. Vatsvakurudzi vekuSouth Korea's Samsung neSungkyunkwan University vakagadzira chidimbu chegraphene yakachena saizi yeTV pane 63 cm yakakura inochinjika yakajeka girazi fiber polyester board. Vakataura kuti iyi ndiyo yakakura kwazvo "yakawanda" graphene block. Mushure meizvozvo, vakashandisa iyo graphene block kugadzira inochinjika yekubata skrini.
6. Vatsvakurudzi vakataura kuti mukufungidzira, vanhu vanogona kupeta mafoni avo uye kuapinza kuseri kwenzeve dzavo sepenzura. Mabhatiri emagetsi matsva Mabhatiri emagetsi matsva zvakare inzvimbo yakakosha yegraphene yekutanga kushandiswa kwekutengesa. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology muUnited States yakabudirira kugadzira flexible photovoltaic panels ane graphene nano-coatings pamusoro, izvo zvinogona kuderedza zvikuru mutengo wekugadzira masero ezuva akajeka uye anokanganisa. Mabhatiri akadaro anogona kushandiswa mumagirazi ekuona husiku, makamera uye mamwe madiki edhijitari kamera. Kushandisa mumudziyo. Pamusoro pezvo, tsvakiridzo yakabudirira uye kuvandudzwa kwemabhatiri emhando yepamusoro yegraphene yakagadzirisawo matambudziko ekusakwana kwesimba uye nguva yakareba yekuchaja yemabhatiri emotokari yemagetsi matsva, ichimhanyisa kusimudzira indasitiri itsva yebhatiri remagetsi.
7. Iyi nhevedzano yemhedzisiro yekutsvaga yakagadzira nzira yekushandiswa kwegraphene mune itsva simba bhatiri indasitiri. Desalination graphene mafirita anoshandiswa kupfuura mamwe matekinoroji ekubvisa salination. Mushure mekunge graphene oxide firimu iri munzvimbo yemvura yaswedera pedyo nemvura, chiteshi chine hupamhi hunosvika 0.9 nanometers inogona kuumbwa, uye ayoni kana mamorekuru madiki pane saizi iyi anogona kupfuura nekukurumidza. Ukuru hwemacapillary chiteshi mufirimu regraphene hunowedzerwa zvakare nekumanikidzwa nemichina, uye saizi yepore inodzorwa, iyo inogona kunyatsosefa munyu mumvura yegungwa. Iyo hydrogen yekuchengetera zvinhu graphene ine mabhenefiti ehuremu huremu, yakakwira makemikari kugadzikana uye yakakwira chaiyo nzvimbo, zvichiita kuti ive yakanakisa mumiriri wehaidhirojeni yekuchengetedza zvinhu. Nekuda kwehunhu hwepamusoro conductivity, kusimba kwepamusoro, kupenya-kwekupedzisira uye kutetepa mune aerospace, zvakanakira mashandisirwo egraphene muindasitiri yezvemuchadenga nemauto zvakare zvine mukurumbira.
8. Muna 2014, NASA muUnited States yakagadzira graphene sensor inoshandiswa mumunda wemhepo, iyo inokwanisa kuona zvinyorwa mumhepo yepamusoro-soro yepasi uye kukanganisa kwemaitiro pane spacecraft. Graphene ichaitawo basa rakakosha mune zvingangoita zvikumbiro senge ultralight ndege zvinhu. Iyo photosensitive element imhando nyowani yephotosensitive element inoshandisa graphene sechinhu cheiyo photosensitive element. Kuburikidza nechimiro chakakosha, zvinotarisirwa kuwedzera iyo photosensitive kugona nezviuru zvenguva zvichienzaniswa neiyo iripo CMOS kana CCD, uye simba rekushandisa rinongori gumi muzana rekutanga. Inogona kushandiswa mundima yevatariri uye setiraiti imaging, uye inogona kushandiswa mumakamera, smart phones, etc. Composite materials Graphene-based composite materials inzira yakakosha yekutsvakurudza mumunda wegraphene applications. Vakaratidza kuita kwakanakisa muminda yekuchengetedza simba, zvigadziriso zvekristaro yemvura, zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi, biological materials, sensing materials, uye catalyst carriers, uye vane tarisiro yakawanda yeKushandisa.
9. Parizvino, tsvakiridzo yegraphene composites inonyanya kutarisisa pane graphene polymer composites uye graphene-based inorganic nanocomposites. Nekudzika kwekutsvagisa kwegraphene, kushandiswa kwegraphene reinforcements mune yakawanda metal-based composite Vanhu vari kubhadhara zvakanyanya uye zvakanyanya. Multifunctional polymer composites uye yakakwirira-yakasimba porous ceramic zvinhu zvakagadzirwa negraphene inosimudzira akawanda akakosha zvimiro zvezvakaumbwa zvinhu. Biographene inoshandiswa kukurumidza kusiyanisa osteogenic yemapfupa emunhu mesenchymal stem masero, uye inoshandiswawo kugadzira biosensors epitaxial graphene pasilicon carbide. Panguva imwecheteyo, graphene inogona kushandiswa senge nerve interface electrode pasina kushandura kana kuparadza zvivakwa zvakaita sesimba rechiratidzo kana mavanga mavanga. Nekuda kwekuchinjika kwayo, biocompatibility uye conductivity, magraphene electrode akanyanya kugadzikana mu vivo kupfuura tungsten kana silicon electrodes. Graphene oxide inoshanda zvikuru mukudzivisa kukura kweE. coli pasina kukuvadza masero evanhu.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-06-2021