Ngwa nke eserese

1. Site na ihe nwayọ nwayọ nke mmepụta nke oke na nnukwu nsogbu, ike nke ntinye akwụkwọ na-eme ihe na-eme ka ọ dị mfe. Dabere na nsonaazụ nyocha dị ugbu a, ngwa azụmahịa mbụ nwere ike ịbụ ngwaọrụ mkpanaka, aerosce, na ike ọhụụ. Batrị. Ihe nchọpụta nyocha bụ isi nwere ihe pụrụ iche maka nyocha na physics. Ọ na - eme ka ụfọdụ nsonaazụ nke enwere ike igosipụta naanị ya tupu enwere ike ikwenye na nnwale.

2. N'ime ụzọ abụọ - akụkụ nke elektrọns dị ka enweghị adịghị adị. Ihe onwunwe a na - eme ka eserese dị ụkọ nke enwere ike iji ya na - eme ihe nkiri na - eme ka ọ bụrụ na ọ ga - ebugharị na ọsọ ọsọ, a ga - enwe ike ịme ya na nnukwu urughuru na obere ụlọ nyocha. A na-ahụkarị ihe ga-eme ka mmagharị efu na-acha uhie uhie na eserese, ihe eji ele anya elektrọnik a ga-emetụta ọrụ nke gas. E jiri ya tụnyere ihe osise buru ibu, ọrụ nke eserese na-egosi na nsonaazụ mmeghachi omume Hydrogenution na mmeghachi omume nke eserese nwere ike gbanwee.

3. Na mgbakwunye, enwere ike ịgbanwe usoro elektrọnik site na ntinye nke gas visorption, nke ọ bụghị naanị na-agbanwe ịta ndị na-ebu ebu, kamakwa enwere ike ịdọfe ya na eserese dị iche iche. Enwere ike ịme ihe nkiri ahụ n'ime ihe mmetụta kemịkal. Usoro a na-emechachara site na arụmọrụ mgbasa ozi dị elu nke eserese. Dabere na nyocha nke ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta, nghọta nke ndị na-achọpụta ihe kemịkalụ kemịkalụ nke kemịkalụ nke kemịkalụ nwere ike iji ya na njedebe nke nchọpụta sọọsọ. Ihe eji eme ihe puru iche abuo na - eme ka odi nma banyere gburugburu ya. Eserese bụ ihe kachasị mma maka electrochemical. Ihe nlere emere nke eserese nwere ezi uche maka ịchọpụta dopamine na glucose na ọgwụ. A ga-eji Transtor eserese na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ntụgharị. N'ihi nguzosi ike nke ihe osise, ụdị nke transistor a ka nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma n'ọtụtụ atọm.

4 Ọsọ eletriki nke electrns na eserese na mpaghara mpụga na-eme ka ndị na-ebugharị ya nwere ike iru ugboro ole dị elu. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, IBM mara ọkwa na February 2010 na ọ ga-eme ka ugboro ole eserese na-ebugharị na 100 GHz, nke karịrị silion na-ebugharị otu nha. Ngosipụta ngosipụta na-agbanwe agbanwe na-adọta uche na elektrọnik na-egosi, ọ ghọọla omume nke mmepe nke ngwaọrụ mkpanaka na-egosi n'ọdịnihu.

5. Azụ ahịa nke ngosipụta dị mma bụ obosara ya, atụmanya nke eserese dị ka ihe bụ isi na-ekwekwa nkwa. Ndị ọrụ South Korea ewepụtala oge izizi mgbanwe na-agbanwe agbanwe mejupụtara ọtụtụ akụkụ nke eserese na iko iko mpempe akwụkwọ. Ndị na-eme nchọpụta si SAgy Samsung na Mahadum Sungkywhan emepụtara mpempe akwụkwọ dị ọcha nke TV na 63 cm dị obosara na-agbanwe agbanwe iko. Ha kwuru na nke a bụ nke kachasị "nnukwu" ihe nkiri eserese. Nke a bụ, ha jiri ihe osise eserese mepụta ihuenyo mmetụ ahụ na-agbanwe agbanwe.

6 A na-eji batrị ọkụkọ ọhụrụ na-etinyekwa batrị na-acha uhie uhie bụ ebe a na-emebu azụmahịa mbụ. Instik Instik of Teknụzụ nke United States enwetala ogwe osisi Pertovtatic na-agbanwe agbanwe na eserese nano-mkpuchi nke ukwuu. Enwere ike iji batrị ndị dị otú ahụ n'abalị na-agwọ ọrịa abalị, igwefoto na obere igwefoto dijitalụ. Ngwa na ngwaọrụ. Na mgbakwunye, nyocha nke ọma na mmepe nke batrị eserese nke batrị na-enweghị ike na-enweghị isi ike na oge ụgwọ batrị ụgbọ ala ọhụrụ nke ọrụ batrị agba ọhụụ.

7. Usoro nke nsonaazụ nyocha a na-emeghe ụzọ maka ngwa nke eserese na ụlọ ọrụ batrị ọhụrụ. A na-eji ihe ndị edo edo na-acha odo odo karịa karịa teknụzụ ndị ọzọ na-akpata. Mgbe eserese ama ama na mpaghara mmiri dị nso na mmiri dị nso na mmiri, enwere ike guzobere ihe dị ka 0.9 nanometers dị obere karịa nha a nwere ike ịgafe ngwa ngwa. Obu nke ihe eji eme ya na ihe osise a na-eji eme ihe nkiri, a na-achịkwa oke nke porene, nke nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma nnu n'elu oke osimiri. Ngwa nchekwa hydrogen nwere uru nke ibu ọkụ, ike dị elu na mpaghara dị elu, na-eme ya onye kachasị mma maka ihe nchekwa nchekwa hydrogen. N'ihi njirimara nke ihe omume dị elu, ike dị elu, ultra-ìhè ma dị gịrịgịrị na aerospace, uru ngwa nke eserese na ndị agha na-abụkwa nke ukwuu.

8. N'afọ 2014, NASA na United States mepụtara ihe nkiri eserese ejiri na mpaghara Aerosce, nke nwere ike ịchọpụta ihe ndị dị na mbara ụwa na mbara igwe na ugboelu. Amaokwuene ga-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa karịa ngwa ndị dị ka ultralight ụgbọelu. Ihe onyonyo a bu udiri uzo ohuru nke eji eserese dika ihe eji eme ihe. Site na usoro pụrụ iche, a na-atụ anya ka ọtụtụ puku kwuru ma ọ bụ CCD dị ka 10% nke mbụ ahụ. Enwere ike iji ya rụọ ọrụ na ihe nlele na ihe nlere anya satịlaịtị, enwere ike iji ya na igwefoto, smart ekwentị, wdg. Ha egosipụtala arụmọrụ dị mma na ubi nchekwa nchekwa, ngwaọrụ kristal, ngwaọrụ eletriki, ihe ndị dị ndụ, ma nwee ụdị atụmanya ngwa.

9. Ugbu a, nyocha nke komputa na-egosi na-elekwasị anya na polymer polymer poscene na nke nanoconganic nanocontanic nanonene. Site na omimi nke nyocha nke eserese, ntinye nke ihe osise na ihe mejuputara meputara igwe ndi mmadu na-akwụghachikwa nt i. Otutu polymer polymer na ike carramic mee nke ihe osise bu ihe nlere puru iche nke ihe ndi mejupụtara. A na-ejikọ ndụ na-eme ngwa ngwa osteogenic nke ọkpụkpụ nke ụrọ nke ụrọ Mesagenical steel, a na-ejikwa ya mee ihe ngosi nke Epitaxial eserese na Silicon Carbide. N'otu oge ahụ, a ga-eji eserese dị ka igwe ihe mgbochi eletrik na-enweghị ịgbanwe ma ọ bụ na-emebi ihe dị ka ike mgbama ma ọ bụ nke na-acha ọbara ọbara. N'ihi ngbanwe ya, biocombisity, Electrot Electrodes karịrị akarị na vivo karịa tungsten ma ọ bụ silicon hotrodes. Ihe osise eserese dị nnọọ irè na-egbochi uto nke e. coli na-enweghị mmerụ mkpụrụ ndụ mmadụ.